Network and Internet Connection Types

Understanding different network types and internet connections is crucial for modern connectivity. Each type serves specific needs, from personal devices to enterprise-level networks.

Internet Connection Types

  • Fiber Optic
    • Fastest available connection type
    • Uses light signals through glass cables
    • Speeds up to several gigabits per second
  • Cable
    • Uses existing cable TV infrastructure
    • Shared bandwidth with neighbors
    • Common in residential areas
Connection Type Typical Speed Best For
Fiber 1-2 Gbps Business, Gaming, Streaming
Cable 100-940 Mbps Home Use, Remote Work
DSL 1-100 Mbps Basic Internet, Rural Areas
Satellite 12-100 Mbps Remote Locations

Network Types and Coverage

Networks come in different sizes and serve different purposes. Understanding each type helps in choosing the right network for your needs.

1. Personal Area Network (PAN)

  • Characteristics
    • Range: Within 10 meters
    • Connects personal devices
    • Example: Bluetooth headphones to phone
Figure 2: Example of a PAN. Devices typically connect in a short range with Bluetooth, USB, or NFC (Near Field Communication).

2. Local Area Network (LAN)

  • Characteristics
    • Range: Single location/building
    • Connected via switches/routers
    • Typical home or office network

4. Wide Area Network (WAN)

  • Characteristics
    • Range: Global
    • Connects across countries
    • The internet is the largest WAN
Figure 3: The Router acts as the bridge connecting a LAN (Local Area Network) and a WAN (Wide Area Network).

3. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

  • Characteristics
    • Range: City-wide
    • Connects multiple LANs
    • Often used by organizations or municipalities
Figure 4: MAN connecting multiple buildings across a city using fiber optic links.

5. Storage Area Network (SAN)

  • Characteristics
    • Purpose: High-speed storage access
    • Dedicated storage network
    • Used in data centers

6. Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

  • Characteristics
    • Wireless version of LAN
    • Uses Wi-Fi technology
    • Flexible device placement
Network Type Typical Range Common Use Case
PAN 10 meters Personal devices
LAN 100-1000 meters Office/Home network
MAN City-wide Campus/City network
WAN Worldwide Global connectivity
SAN Data center Storage access
WLAN 30-50 meters Wireless office/home